the study of empowerment indices and their relationship to individual factors in coaches (urmia, 2007)

the purpose of this study was to investigate the empowerment indices in sport coaches in urmia. this research was a survey and a field study. multistage random sampling was used. the data were gathered by a standard questionnaire of empowerment index evaluation (d. scott & t. jaffe): the reliability = 94.2% and validity = 90.5%. the sample included 155 male and female sport coaches who were selected from 491 coaches in urmia. results showed that total empowerment index was 71.6% (a high and very high level). an increase in coaching career and educational level resulted in a significant decrease in identification, appreciation and job health (p